SSM简单示例

SSM (Spring + SpringMVC + MyBatis) 框架集由 Spring、MyBatis 两个开源框架整合而成，常作为数据源较简单的 Web 项目框架。

JDK 1.8
Maven 3.6
MySQL 5.7
tomcat 9.0

项目结构一览

UserDemo
├── src/main/java
|   ├── com.xusc.controller    .......... controller
|   |   └── UserController.java
|   ├── com.xusc.mapper    .............. mapper，又称DAO，数据访问层，与数据库交互
|   |   ├── UserMapper.java    .......... mapper接口，不用实现
|   |   └── UserMapper.xml    ........... 接口配置文件
|   ├── com.xusc.pojo    ................ pojo，实体类
|   |   └── User.java
|   ├── com.xusc.service    ............. service，业务逻辑层
|   |   └── IUserService.java
|   └── com.xusc.service.impl    ........ 实现业务接口
|       └── UserService.java
├── src/main/rescources
|   ├── generatorConfig.xml    .......... Mybatis自动生成包的配置文件
|   ├── jdbc.properties    .............. jdbc属性文件
|   ├── log4j.properties    ............. log4j属性文件
|   ├── spring-mybatis.xml    ........... 整合Spring与Mybatis的配置文件
|   └── spring-mvc.xml    ............... 整合Spring与MVC的配置文件
├── src/test/java
├── src/main/webapp
|   ├── WEB-INF
|   |   ├── jsp    ...................... 存放jsp页面
|   |   |   └── showUser.jsp
|   |   └── web.xml    .................. 前端配置文件
|   └── index.jsp
├── target
└── pom.xml    .......................... 整个项目的配置文件

项目创建与配置

新建 Maven 项目，选择 Web-app

配置 Maven 项目，修改 pom.xml

 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     <groupId>com.xusc</groupId>
     <artifactId>UserDemo</artifactId>
     <packaging>war</packaging>
     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
     <name>UserDemo Maven Webapp</name>
     <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
     <properties>
         <!-- spring版本号 -->
         <spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
         <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
         <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
         <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
         <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
         <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
     </properties>
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>junit</groupId>
             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
             <version>4.11</version>
             <!-- 表示开发的时候引入，发布的时候不会加载此包 -->
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <!-- spring核心包 -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
             <version>${spring.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
             <version>${spring.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
             <version>${spring.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
             <version>${spring.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
             <version>${spring.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
             <version>${spring.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
             <version>${spring.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
             <version>${spring.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
             <version>${spring.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- mybatis核心包 -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
             <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
             <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
             <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
             <version>1.2.2</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- 导入java ee jar 包 -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>javax</groupId>
             <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
             <version>7.0</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- 导入Mysql数据库链接jar包 -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>mysql</groupId>
             <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
             <version>5.1.41</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- 导入dbcp的jar包，用来在applicationContext.xml中配置数据库 -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
             <version>1.2.2</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- JSTL标签类 -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>jstl</groupId>
             <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
             <version>1.2</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- 日志文件管理包 -->
         <!-- log start -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>log4j</groupId>
             <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
             <version>${log4j.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- 格式化对象，方便输出日志 -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
             <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
             <version>1.1.41</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
             <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
             <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
             <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
             <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- log end -->
         <!-- 映入JSON -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
             <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
             <version>1.9.13</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- 上传组件包 -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
             <version>1.3.1</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
             <version>2.4</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
             <version>1.9</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- MyBatis Generator自动创建代码 -->
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
             <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
             <version>1.3.2</version>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>
     <build>
         <finalName>UserDemo</finalName>
         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
                 <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                 <version>1.3.2</version>
                 <configuration>
                     <!-- mybatis用于生成代码的配置文件 -->
                     <configurationFile>src/main/resources/generatorConfig.xml</configurationFile>
                     <verbose>true</verbose>
                     <overwrite>true</overwrite>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>
     </build>
 </project>

整合 Spring 与 Mybatis

建立 jdbc 属性文件

  driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssm
  username=root
  password=root
  #定义初始连接数
  initialSize=0
  #定义最大连接数
  maxActive=20
  #定义最大空闲
  maxIdle=20
  #定义最小空闲
  minIdle=1
  #定义最长等待时间
  maxWait=60000

建立 log4j 属性文件：使用日志来输出信息

  #定义LOG输出级别
  log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
  #定义日志输出目的地为控制台
  log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
  log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
  #可以灵活地指定日志输出格式，下面一行是指定具体的格式
  log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
  log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n
  #文件大小到达指定尺寸的时候产生一个新的文件
  log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
  #指定输出目录
  log4j.appender.File.File = logs/ssm.log
  #定义文件最大大小
  log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
  # 输出所以日志，如果换成DEBUG表示输出DEBUG以上级别日志
  log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL
  log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
  log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern =[%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%c]%m%n

建立 spring-mybatis.xml 配置文件：自动扫描，自动注入，配置数据库

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
      <!-- 自动扫描 -->
      <context:component-scan base-package="com.xusc" />
      <!-- 引入配置文件 -->
      <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
          <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
      </bean>
      <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
          <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
          <property name="url" value="${url}" />
          <property name="username" value="${username}" />
          <property name="password" value="${password}" />
          <!-- 初始化连接大小 -->
          <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
          <!-- 连接池最大数量 -->
          <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
          <!-- 连接池最大空闲 -->
          <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
          <!-- 连接池最小空闲 -->
          <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
          <!-- 获取连接最大等待时间 -->
          <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
      </bean>
      <!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合，不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
      <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
          <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
          <!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件 -->
          <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/xusc/mapper/*.xml"></property>
      </bean>
      <!-- DAO接口所在包名，Spring会自动查找其下的类 -->
      <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
          <property name="basePackage" value="com.xusc.mapper" />
          <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName"
              value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
      </bean>
      <!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
      <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
          <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
      </bean>
      <!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 -->
      <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
  </beans>

建立数据库并插入相关数据

  CREATE TABLE `user_t` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `user_name` varchar(40) NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `age` int(4) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
  ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

  insert  into `user_t`(`id`,`user_name`,`password`,`age`) values (1,'abc','abc',24);

利用 MyBatis Generator 自动创建代码

建立 generatorConfig.xml 配置文件

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
   <!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">
   <generatorConfiguration>
       <!-- 数据库驱动 -->
       <classPathEntry
           location="mysql-connector-java-5.1.41.jar" />
       <context id="DB2Tables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
           <commentGenerator>
               <property name="suppressDate" value="true" />
               <!-- 是否去除自动生成的注释 true：是 ： false:否 -->
               <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true" />
           </commentGenerator>
           <!--数据库链接URL，用户名、密码 -->
           <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm" userId="root" password="root">
           </jdbcConnection>
           <javaTypeResolver>
               <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false" />
           </javaTypeResolver>
           <!-- 生成模型的包名和位置 -->
           <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.xusc.pojo" targetProject="src/main/java">
               <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
               <property name="trimStrings" value="true" />
           </javaModelGenerator>
           <!-- 生成映射文件的包名和位置 -->
           <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="com.xusc.mapper" targetProject="src/main/java">
               <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
           </sqlMapGenerator>
           <!-- 生成DAO的包名和位置 -->
           <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="com.xusc.mapper" targetProject="src/main/java">
               <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true" />
           </javaClientGenerator>
           <!-- 要生成的表 tableName是数据库中的表名或视图名 domainObjectName是实体类名 -->
           <table tableName="user_t" domainObjectName="User" enableCountByExample="false" enableUpdateByExample="false" enableDeleteByExample="false" enableSelectByExample="false" selectByExampleQueryId="false">
           </table>
       </context>
   </generatorConfiguration>  

右键项目选择 maven build...，并配置 Goals 为 mybatis-generator:generate。成功后会自动生成 com.xusc.mapper、com.xusc.pojo 两个包以及包下的类、接口和配置文件。

编写业务逻辑层代码

IUserService.java

package com.xusc.service;
import com.xusc.pojo.User;
public interface IUserService {
    public User getUserById(int userId);
}

UserService.java

package com.xusc.service.impl;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.xusc.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.xusc.pojo.User;
import com.xusc.service.IUserService;
@Service("userService")
public class UserService implements IUserService {
    @Resource
    private UserMapper userMapper;
    public User getUserById(int userId) {
        return this.userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(userId);
    }
}

至此 Spring 与 Mybatis 整合完成，可以在整合 MVC 前在 src/test/java 中建立测试文件测试这部分的代码。

整合 Spring 与 MVC

建立 Spring-mvc.xml 配置文件：自动扫描控制器，视图模式，注解的启动

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
      <!-- 自动扫描该包，使SpringMVC认为包下用了@controller注解的类是控制器 -->
      <context:component-scan base-package="com.xusc.controller" />
      <!--避免IE执行AJAX时，返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
      <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
          <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
              <list>
                  <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
              </list>
          </property>
      </bean>
      <!-- 启动SpringMVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
          <property name="messageConverters">
              <list>
                  <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" />	<!-- JSON转换器 -->
              </list>
          </property>
      </bean>
      <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ，视图模式配置-->
      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
          <!-- 这里的配置我的理解是自动给后面action的方法return的字符串加上前缀和后缀，变成一个 可用的url地址 -->
          <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
          <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
      </bean>
      <!-- 配置文件上传，如果没有使用文件上传可以不用配置，当然如果不配，那么配置文件中也不必引入上传组件包 -->
      <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">  
          <!-- 默认编码 -->
          <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />  
          <!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
          <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />  
          <!-- 内存中的最大值 -->
          <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />  
      </bean> 
  </beans>

修改 web.xml 配置文件

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
      <!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
      <context-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
      </context-param>
      <!-- 编码过滤器 -->
      <filter>
          <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
          <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
          <async-supported>true</async-supported>
          <init-param>
              <param-name>encoding</param-name>
              <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
          </init-param>
      </filter>
      <filter-mapping>
          <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
          <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
      <!-- Spring监听器 -->
      <listener>
          <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
      </listener>
      <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
      <listener>
          <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
      </listener>
      <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
      <servlet>
          <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
          <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
          <init-param>
              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
          </init-param>
          <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
          <async-supported>true</async-supported>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
          <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
          <!-- 此处可以可以配置成*.do，对应struts的后缀习惯 -->
          <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
      <welcome-file-list>
          <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>
  </web-app>

编写控制层代码

UserController.java

package com.xusc.controller;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.xusc.pojo.User;
import com.xusc.service.IUserService;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Resource
    private IUserService userService;
    @RequestMapping("/showUser")
    public String toIndex(HttpServletRequest request, Model model) {
        int userId = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
        User user = this.userService.getUserById(userId);
        model.addAttribute("user", user);
        return "showUser";
    }
}

编写jsp代码

showUser.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
    <head>
        <title>SSM测试</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        ${user.userName}
    </body>
</html>

至此 Spring 与 MVC 整合完成，可以在部署项目前在 src/test/java 中建立测试文件测试这部分的代码。

部署项目至 tomcat，在浏览器中输入 localhost:8080/UserDemo/user/showUser?id=1 访问。

本文整合自 https://www.cnblogs.com/jay36/p/7762448.html

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